14/07/ · Natural calamities are the calamities that are inflicted by God, or Nature, on man and his world. At these calamities, the unseen hand 1 wreaks havoc in the part of the world it 16/01/ · Essay on Natural Disasters:Natural calamities like earthquakes, floods, cyclones tsunamis and landslides have increased due to manmade factors like pollution, ozone Natural calamities are unpredictable in nature and often occur all of a sudden. Due to this nature, avoiding them is almost impossible. However, we can take certain precautions that will help
Natural Calamities: Essay on Natural Calamities | Geography
Natural calamities are the calamities which are inflicted by God, or Nature, or man and his world. At these calamities, the unseen hand wreaks havoc in the part of the world it chooses to act upon. On these natural activities of nature no scientific or technological developments can wield any control. They can occur as and when and where ordains it. Natural calamities can be of many different kinds, but the similarly in all, is their massive destruction in the area of their occurrence. The natural disasters are of many kinds, they are drought and famine, flood, natural calamities essay, earthquake, hailstrom and a cyclone. In the wake of all these, in one sweep there is complete devastation and destruction, due to which normal life comes to a standstill.
Loss of life is well nigh complete, and belongings of people get lost, blown away or swept away. The scene is one of the awe, natural calamities essay, of some unknown power that appears to wreak some revenge on the people of the area. One feels that, there will never again be life in the area, there will never again natural calamities essay up any construction in the area. But, nature plays its part in this also, and even after the most ghastly disaster, life has come up blooming as ever as before in areas of such devastation. Essay 2. Types of Natural Calamities: Different natural, calamities can be distinguished from each other in terms of their nature and extent of their impact. Calamities like: earthquakes, hailstorms, avalanches, landslides, etc.
Similarly, though floods and cyclones occur with some element of warning yet their occurrence is confined in duration. Drought, on the other hand, spans over a much longer time-frame and its adverse impact on the economic activities and life of an area is of a more lasting nature. The measures required to meet the threats posed by different calamities, therefore, differ considerably in terms of disaster preparedness and amelioration of the economic and social life of the affected people. Natural calamities may be broadly grouped into major and minor types depending upon their potential to cause damage to human life and property. While natural calamities like: earth quakes, droughts, floods and cyclones could be regarded as major, hailstorms, avalanches, landslides, fire accidents, etc.
Whose impact is localized and intensity of the damage is much less can be categorized as minor calamities. Minor calamities like: hailstorms, avalanches, landslides and fires also occur without any appreciable degree of forewarning and cause damage to properties and lives. However, areas prone to such disasters also could be identified and certain precautionary measures taken in the context of potential threat requiring general awareness and an ability to relate to a predefined system of appropriate responses on the part of the local administration. Essay 3. Crisis Relief Plan for Natural Calamities: For ensuring appropriate policy and administrative response to natural calamities, a clear identification of the nodal organisation and the pattern of inter action between the different Government functionaries would be necessary.
The Department of Agriculture and Cooperation DAC in the Agriculture Ministry is the Nodal Department for all matters concerning natural calamities relief at the centre. In the DAC, natural calamities essay, the Relief Commissioner functions at the nodal officer to coordinate relief operations for all natural calamities. The Relief Commissioner will be assisted in the discharge of his duties by the Additional Relief Commissioner and an Emergency Operations Centre Control Room in the DAC. The Control Room will function full scale round the clock after receipt of first information about the occurrence of a major natural calamity for the period specified by the Relief Commissioner for dealing effectively with the crisis arising out of a natural calamity.
The present arrangements in the DAC for receiving massages outside office hours are by way of a Night Duty Cell and a telex facility, natural calamities essay, once a major natural calamity occurs, a Control Room with full complement of staff for round the clock functioning will be brought into operation, natural calamities essay. The Control Room is intended to be the nerve centre of all emergencies and will, therefore, be adequately equipped and optimally located. Immediately on the occurrence of a natural calamities essay natural calamity, the members of the Crisis Management Group CMG and the Control Room first shift functionaries duly identified in advance required for full scale functioning of the Control Room will be got assembled.
The charter of duties of the duty officer will clearly indicate the course of action that he is required to take on receipt of messages of a particular nature. The duty officer will have in his possession the names, addresses and telephone numbers of natural calamities essay members of the Crisis Management Group and the essential personnel of the Control Room. He will also have the particulars of their alternates and also the telephone numbers of the Control Rooms of all natural calamities essay State Governments with whom he may have to communicate.
The personnel manning the full scale Control Room would be drawn from the DAC for emergency duties. The officers in charge of night duty and telex facility and also control room staff shall natural calamities essay given advance briefing and training in the tasks to be performed by them. The Control Room on receipt of the first information with regard to occurrence of any major natural calamity will immediately transmit the information to the following:. The first information report and the subsequent periodical reports generated by the Control Room will also be sent to the officers indicated by the Relief Commissioner from natural calamities essay to time.
These nodal officers shall furnish information natural calamities essay the Relief Commissioner through the Control Room of the DAC on such periodicity as may be determined by relief Commissioner. Traditionally, relief in the wake of natural calamities has been treated as the primary responsibility of the States. Successive Finance Commissions have also reiterated this position. Even though the States are primarily responsible for relief activities, natural calamities essay, natural calamities essay Central Government associates itself with measures aimed at ameliorating the sufferings of the people on account of natural calamities.
Towards this end, the Central Government, with its resources, physical and financial does provide the needed help and assistance to natural calamities essay relief efforts in the wake of major natural calamities. The dimensions of the response at the level of National Government are determined in accordance with the existing policy of financing the relief expenditure and keeping in view the factors like:. iii The requirements of central assistance for augmenting the financial resources at the disposal of the State Government, natural calamities essay.
The policy response to a natural calamity would be provided by the Prime Minister, Cabinet Committees and the Agriculture Minister. The response of the administration to a situation arising out of a natural natural calamities essay can be on account of:. The operational aspects of the administrative response could, natural calamities essay, further, be classified into:. Wide publicity to warnings of impending calamity, disaster preparedness and relief measures through TV, AIR and Newspapers;, natural calamities essay. Transport with particular reference to evacuation and movement of essential commodities and petroleum products. Ensuring availability of essential commodities at reasonable prices particularly the commodities through the Public Distribution System.
The secondary functions of the Central Government which supplement the States relief efforts, would relate to:. Essay 4. Procedure for Extending Financial Assistance to States During Natural Calamities: The present scheme of financing the relief expenditure arising out of natural calamities has come into force w. Under this scheme, a Calamity Relief Fund CRF is constituted for each state with certain amount allocated to each state. Following the constitution of the CRF, it is the responsibility of the State Government to meet all expenditure arising out of the natural calamities. An Export Group has been constituted on the natural calamities essay of the Ninth Finance Commission to monitor the relief work done, utilizing the CRF. Further, the State Level Committee s are to keep the Ministry of Agriculture informed of the amount of damage caused due to drought, floods etc.
The Scarcity Relief Division, in the Department of Agriculture and Cooperation, the requested the State Governments to furnish the progress of relief measures in the prescribed proforma on quarterly basis. Most of the States have Relief Commissioners who are in charge of the relief measures in the wake of natural calamities in their respective states. In the absence of the Relief Commissioner, natural calamities essay, the Chief Secretary or an officer nominated by him shall be in overall charge of the relief operations in the concerned state, natural calamities essay.
The effectiveness of communication links with field agencies may be reviewed through periodical exercises. There will be a State Crisis Management Group SCMG under the Chairmanship of Chief Secretary Relief Commissioner. This Group will comprise of senior officers from the Departments of Revenue! Relief, Home, Civil Supplies, Power, Irrigation, Water Supply, natural calamities essay, Panchayat local self-governmentnatural calamities essay, Agriculture, Forests, Rural Development, Health, Planning, Public Works and Finance. Representative of Meteorological Department officer-in-charge, Cyclone Warning Centre, CWC and Flood Forecasting Organisations.
The Natural calamities essay will, take into consideration the instructions and guidance received, from time to time, from the Government of India and formulate action plans for dealing with different natural calamities. The SCMG will also have the district level plans for relief formulated by Collectors! Deputy Commissioners. The Relief Commissioner of the state shall establish an Emergency Operation Centre Control Room as soon as a disaster situation develops. The Control Room shall have alt information relating to the forecasting and warning natural calamities essay disaster, action plans for implementation and details of contact paints and various concerned agencies, natural calamities essay. It shall have updated information about the Air Force, the Navy and the Army for quick interaction.
Transmitting to the Central Relief Commissioner information as to the natural calamities essay of a crisis situation as a result of natural disaster on continue basis till the situation improves. Collection and submission of information relating to implementation of relief measures to the Central Relief Commissioner; and. Essay 5. District Level Response to Natural Calamities: Focal Point:, natural calamities essay. The collector or Deputy Commissioner will be the focal point at the district level for preparation of the district level plans and for directing, supervising and monitoring relief measures for natural calamities. At the district level, the disaster relief plans shall provide for specific tasks and agencies for their implementation in respect of the areas given in Annexure in relation to different types of calamities.
These Contingency plans must lay down specific action points key personnel and contact points in relation to mail aspects. The relief measures shall be reviewed by the district level. Relief committee consisting of official and non-official members including the local legislators and the members of Natural calamities essay. In the wake of natural calamities a Control Room shall be set up in the district for day to day monitoring of the rescue and relief operations on a continuing basis. The Collector shall maintain Close liaison with the Central Government authorities in the districts, namely, Army, Air Force and Navy, Ministry of Water Resources etc.
The Collector shall closely interact with different implementation agencies and furnish information on a daily basis to the State Relief Commissioner on the implementation of rescue and relief measures. The district level contingency; plans and the State Actin Plans should be reviewed annually and updated in the light of lessons learnt in dealing with natural calamities from time to time, natural calamities essay. Essay 6, natural calamities essay. Natural calamities essay Implementation of Relief Measures in the Wake of Natural Calamities: For effective implementation of relief measures in the wake of a natural calamity, the Cabinet may set up a committee, natural calamities essay.
On the constitution of such a committee of the Cabinet, the Agriculture Secretary shall provide all necessary information to and seek directions if any, of the Cabinet Committee in all matters concerning relief in the wake of natural calamity and take steps for effective implementation of its directions. In the absence of such a Cabinet Committee, all matter relating to relief shall be reported to the Cabinet Secretary. When a situation is to be handled also by the NCMC, it will give such directions to the Crisis Management Group of the Ministry as deemed necessary. There shall be a Crisis Management Group CMG for dealing with matters relating to relief in the wake of major natural calamities, consisting of the following:.
of Finance, Food, Civil Supplies, Power, natural calamities essay, Urban Development, Rural Development, Health, Petroleum, Planning Commission and Deptt. The Resident Commissioners of the States affected by major natural calamity may be coopted on the CMG during natural calamities essay period of crisis. The names, addresses of office and residence telephone Nos. of all the members will be maintained by the Scarcity Relief Division and natural calamities essay Control Room. The CMG will meet in the Chamber of Relief Commissioner in Krishi Bhavan, New Delhi unless otherwise indicated. Coordinate the activities of the Central Ministries and the State Governments in relation to disaster preparedness and relief, and.
The CMG will review these action plans every year and get them updated from time to time.
Essay on Natural Disasters in English
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10/08/ · A natural calamities is a major adverse event resulting from natural processes of the Earth; examples include floods, volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, tsunamis, and other geologic Natural calamities are unpredictable in nature and often occur all of a sudden. Due to this nature, avoiding them is almost impossible. However, we can take certain precautions that will help 1/10/ · What is natural calamities essay? Natural calamities are events that occur in nature and cause destruction, death, and damage to peoples lives. They include earthquakes,
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